History of formation and development of the Vietnam Trade Union organization

1. The birth of the Vietnamese working class

The Vietnamese working class was born and developed associated with the colonial exploitation process of the French colonialists in the late 19th century. Before the French colonialists opened fire to invade, Vietnamese society was still a feudal society with two basic classes: the feudal landlord class and the peasant class; maintaining an outdated economy based mainly on small-scale agriculture production, the industrial and service economy was not developed. After invading our country, the French colonialists carried out the first colonial exploitation with an expanded scale throughout the country. Alcohol factories, textiles, electricity and water, railways, mines, rubber plantations, coffee plantations... were successively born and along with that, the first team of Vietnamese workers was formed. They were farmers who were deprived of all their land, and artisans who went bankrupt and were forced to work in French capitalist enterprises. According to statistics before World War I, the total number of workers in Vietnam was about over 100,000 people, mainly concentrated in rural areas.

After World War I, to compensate for the losses, the French colonialists carried out the second colonial exploitation with a larger scale and speed than before. They increased investment in mining, transportation, plantation, processing industry, textiles... to strengthen plundering and exploitation in colonial countries. During this period, the number of Vietnamese workers developed rapidly to over 220,000 people by the beginning of 1929.

Under the harsh oppression and exploitation of the colonialists and feudalists, the Vietnamese working class united, organized and gathered together to fight for rights, leading to the formation of Friendship Associations and Mutual Assistance Associations in factories and enterprises. At the end of 1920, patriotic worker Ton Duc Thang mobilized to establish the Ba Son Trade Union in Saigon, opening the struggle movement of Vietnamese workers.

2. The birth of the Bac Ky Red Trade Union - the predecessor of today's Vietnam Trade Union

The formation and development of the Red Trade Union of Tonkin is associated with the revolutionary activities of Leader Nguyen Ai Quoc in the early years of the 20th century. He joined the British Overseas Trade Union when operating in London in 1914 - 1917; joined the Kim Khi Trade Union of District 17 Paris in 1919. Leader Nguyen Ai Quoc was the one who laid the theoretical and ideological foundation for the establishment of the Vietnam Trade Union organization. In the work "The Revolutionary Path", he directed: "The Trade Union organization is primarily for workers to travel together to have sympathy; secondly, to study with each other; thirdly, to improve the way workers live better than now; fourthly, to preserve the rights and interests of workers; fifthly, to help the nation, to help the world". In June 1925, he founded the Vietnam Revolutionary Youth Association in Guangzhou - China and directly taught to improve political theory for students.

In the years 1925 - 1928, under the leadership of the Vietnam Revolutionary Youth League, the "Proletarianization" movement deeply penetrated into factories, enterprises, and mines to propagate and mobilize workers to actively participate in the struggle movement. The birth of the first Communist Party Cell (March 1929), especially the birth of the Indochinese Communist Party (June 1929) was the result of the process of mobilizing and organizing workers, of which comrade Nguyen Duc Canh was one of the founders and played an important role. In his position as a member of the Provisional Central Executive Committee, comrade Nguyen Duc Canh was assigned to be in charge of mobilizing workers.

Recognizing the important role of the Trade Union organization and workers in the struggle against imperialism, exploitation, and protection of workers' rights, Nguyen Duc Canh and his comrades actively organized the workers' movement movement, first of all the Bac Ky workers' movement, to establish the Trade Union organization. On July 28, 1929, the first Congress of Delegates of the Red General Confederation of Bac Ky Trade Union opened chaired by comrade Nguyen Duc Canh. The Congress decided to establish the Red General Confederation of Bac Ky Trade Union, approved the Charter and organizational system of the Trade Union, published the newspaper "Lao Dong" and the magazine "Red Trade Union", and elected the Provisional Central Executive Committee headed by comrade Nguyen Duc Canh. The event of establishing the Red General Confederation of Bac Ky Trade Union was a bright milestone in the history of the workers' and Vietnam Trade Union movement. From here on, the Vietnamese working class had a large revolutionary organization, operating with its principles and purposes, standing up to lead the movement.

3. Workers' movement and trade union activities through the periods of the Vietnamese revolution

3.1. Period of struggle for power (1930 - 1945)

On February 3, 1930, the Communist Party of Vietnam was established. Under the leadership of the Party, the Red General Confederation gathered the force of workers and boatmen, the main force of the Vietnamese revolution, creating the Xo Viet - Nghe Tinh 1930 - 1931 clump. At the end of 1931, the struggle movement of the Vietnamese working class was brutally suppressed by the French colonialists, most of the Party and Red Confederation cadres were captured by the enemy, causing the communication between the Party and the masses, between the Red Confederation and the workers' movement to be almost interrupted. In those conditions, despite the strict control of the French colonialists, the Red Confederation still actively propagated, mobilized workers, and developed the organization. From 1932 - 1936, the revolutionary movement throughout the country began to recover.

From 1936 - 1939, the Red Trade Union organization changed its name to the Friendship Trade Union and switched to a semi-public operating period. Thanks to its flexible organization and suitability to the situation, the workers' movement in this period still developed strongly. In September 1939, World War II broke out, the French colonialists surrendered and compromised with the Japanese fascists to resolutely suppress our people's anti-war democratic movement, eliminating trade union freedoms. Faced with that situation, the Friendship Trade Union organization had to withdraw into secret operations and take the name "Anti-ImpERIAl Workers' Association", and in 1941 changed it to "National Salvation Workers' Association" as the core for the activities of the Viet Minh organization.

Under the leadership of the Party, the Trade Union organization was truly the center of solidarity of Vietnamese workers. With over 200,000 people in 1945, Trade Union members became the core force that made the August Revolution of 1945 successful, giving birth to the Democratic Republic of Vietnam - the first Workers-Farmers State in Southeast Asia.

3.2. The resistance war against the French colonialists (1945 - 1954)

After the August Revolution succeeded in 1945, under the leadership of the Party, in March 1946, the Conference of Delegates of National Salvation Workers of the North, Central and Southern Region and the General Confederation of Labor decided to unify organizationally throughout the country into the "Association of National Salvation Workers". In June 1946, at the Conference of National Salvation Trade Union officials, the name "Association of National Salvation Workers" was changed to "Trade Union". On July 20, 1946, at the Hanoi Opera House, the "Vietnam General Confederation of Labor" was officially established and recognized as an official member of the World Federation of Trade Unions in 1949.

In the early years of the country's independence, the Trade Union organization and the Vietnamese working class made many important contributions to protecting and promoting the achievements of the August Revolution, actively participating in the first General Election to elect the National Assembly of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. Faced with the ambition to invade our country once again by the French colonialists, the Capital suicide squads, in which the core were workers, fought with a courageous and heroic spirit.

Performing the task of both resistance and national construction, the Vietnam General Confederation of Labor organized the mobilization of workers, civil servants, and laborers (CNVCLĐ) to focus on building factories, workshops, producing weapons and military equipment; overcoming difficulties, and enthusiastically competing in labor to serve the resistance war. In the Viet Bac war zone, from January 1 to 15, 1950, the 1st Congress of the Vietnam Trade Union set out the goal: "Mobilizing workers and civil servants nationwide, especially workers of the military industry, to produce many weapons and equipment to serve the resistance war against the French colonialists to victory". The Congress elected the Executive Committee of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labor consisting of 21 official members and 04 alternate members. Comrade Hoang Quoc Viet, Member of the Standing Committee of the Central Committee, was elected as Chairman, and Comrade Tran Danh Tuyen was elected as Secretary General.

In February 1951, the 2nd Party Congress set out the task of promoting economic development to serve the general counter-offensive, bringing the resistance war to complete victory. Implementing the Resolution of the 2nd Party Congress, the Trade Union mobilized workers to enthusiastically produce and participate in managing and building enterprises. This was a major shift in ideological awareness and trade union operating methods. From here, in state-owned enterprises, the Trade Union represented workers to participate in enterprise committees, directly contributing to managing production and business, bringing the resistance economy to develop in all aspects. In the free zone, the Trade Union launched workers "Producing emulation, building emulation", "Technical improvement, promoting initiatives, improving profession". The movement was organized and directed relatively closely, implementing democracy in production management.

In the final stage of the resistance war, the Vietnam General Confederation of Labor gathered, united, and promoted the pioneering role of the working class in overcoming countless difficulties, hardships, sacrifices, and resolute struggles, contributing to the army and people of the whole country to create the Dien Bien Phu victory (1954) that shook five continents, shook the earth, gloriously ending 9 years of resistance against French colonialism, and restoring peace in Indochina.

3.3. Anti-American resistance period (1954 - 1975)

After the Dien Bien Phu victory, Vietnam was temporarily divided into two regions, the North was completely liberated and embarked on the construction of socialism, and the South was still under the rule of the American imperialists.

Responding to the requirements of the new situation, the Conference of the Executive Committee of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labor (term I) held in August 1954 identified the key task as "It is necessary to mobilize and organize a large number of working masses in urban areas into a strong force to be the best and most solid support for the government to carry out the work of receiving and restoring production, maintaining security and order in the city".

In the North, carrying out the reconstruction of the country, difficulties continue to be placed on the shoulders of workers. With the responsibility of the owner of the country, the team of workers and employees has promoted production, practiced thrift, and combated wastefulness. Thanks to this, in a short time, production activities at industrial facilities have recovered. Through the implementation of the first 5-year plan, typical examples in the patriotic emulation movement of the working class have been spread, such as "Duyen Hai Wave", "Thanh Cong Cooperative", "Three Determinations"... many typical workers and employees have been awarded the title of Labor Hero by the Party and State, and are bright examples in studying, working, producing and fighting.

In the South, the workers' and trade union movement operated in extremely difficult conditions. The American imperialists and Ngo Dinh Diem's henchmen strongly terrorized and suppressed. The industries and handicrafts were disrupted, and the lives of workers and employees were difficult. Faced with that situation, the Party directed grassroots units in the inner city and plantations to find every way to stick to the land and the people to develop forces and organize workers to fight.

On November 5, 1957, the President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam signed Decree No. 108-SL/L10 on promulgating the Trade Union Law, which created a legal basis, enhanced the position of the Trade Union organization, and consolidated the leadership role of the working class in the new situation. The victory of economic recovery, socialist renovation, and initial economic and cultural development has created important premises contributing to building and moving the North towards socialism, and at the same time fighting to realize national reunification, and that achievement has the important contribution of the working class and the Vietnam Trade Union organization.

Faced with new requirements, the 2nd Congress of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour, held in Hanoi from February 23 - 27, 1961, decided to change the name "Vietnam General Confederation of Labour" to "Vietnam General Confederation of Labour". The Congress set out the goal: "Mobilizing cadres, workers, and civil servants to emulation in labor production, building socialism in the North with the spirit of each person working for the sake of the beloved South, contributing to the struggle for national reunification". The Congress elected the Executive Committee of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour, including 55 official members and 10 alternate members. Comrade Hoang Quoc Viet, Member of the Party Central Committee, was elected as Chairman; Comrade Tran Danh Tuyen, Alternate Member of the Party Central Committee, was elected as Secretary General.

The 3rd Congress of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour, held from February 11-14, 1974 in Hanoi Capital. The Congress set out the goal "Trade Unions at all levels must launch a movement to emulate labor production, diligently build socialism with labor productivity, work efficiency, service and combat participation, determined to liberate the South, unify the country". The Congress elected the Executive Committee of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour including 72 members, the Secretariat including 09 members. Comrade Ton Duc Thang, President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam was elected Honorary President of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour. Comrade Hoang Quoc Viet, Member of the Party Central Committee was elected President; Comrade Nguyen Duc Thuan was elected Vice President cum General Secretary. Comrades Nguyen Cong Hoa, Truong Thi My were elected Vice Presidents of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour.

The Vietnam General Confederation of Labour participates in building a number of supplementary and amended regimes and policies on labor, wages, and bonuses. The Confederation of Labour Unions of provinces and cities has signed a Joint Resolution with the same-level government on organizing the implementation of regimes and policies for workers and employees. Many grassroots trade unions have promptly encouraged workers and employees to emulate in labor and production, striving to complete assigned plans. The implementation of labor safety and industrial hygiene regulations has been better implemented, improving working conditions for workers and employees.

In 1965, the Southern Liberation Trade Union Union was established and was constantly consolidated and developed, both organizing for workers and employees in cities to fight and mobilizing workers and employees in liberated areas to promote production to serve combat. In the 1968 Tet Offensive and Uprising and the Ho Chi Minh Campaign, the Liberation Trade Union mobilized workers and employees in urban areas to simultaneously uprising, coordinating with the armed forces to destroy the enemy, contributing to the entire Party, people, and army to completely liberate the South and unify the Fatherland.

3.4. Period of building socialism (1975 - 1986)

After the great victory of Spring 1975, the country was unified, the whole country went towards socialism, creating basic conditions for unifying the Trade Union organization nationwide. Implementing the Directive of the Politburo, from January 1976, the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour and the Confederation of Labour for the Liberation of the South began to prepare the conditions for the unification of the Trade Union organization of the Vietnamese working class. On June 6, 1976, the National Trade Union Conference held in Ho Chi Minh City decided to unify the Trade Unions of the South and North into the "Vietnam General Confederation of Labour".

The 4th Vietnam Trade Union Congress, held from May 08 - 11, 1978, in Thu Ha Noi, set out the goal: "Mobilizing the working class and other workers to emulate labor production, develop the economy, and promote industrialization throughout the country". The Congress elected the Executive Committee of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour consisting of 155 members, and the Secretariat consisting of 12 members. Comrade Nguyen Van Linh, Member of the Politburo, was elected as Chairman; Comrade Nguyen Duc Thuan, Member of the Party Central Committee, was elected as Vice Chairman cum General Secretary; Comrade Nguyen Ho was elected as Vice Chairman of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour.

In the years 1981 - 1982, the Trade Union conducted many widespread propaganda campaigns among workers and civil servants about the situation and tasks of the country, about the guidelines and policies, especially the economic policies of the Party and the State. Going hand in hand with political education, the Trade Union made many efforts in maintaining the movement of continuing education in culture, technology, and professional skills; promoting mass cultural and artistic activities, sports; the Trade Union's press and publishing work has made new progress.

The 5th Congress of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour met from November 16-18, 1983, in Hanoi Capital, determining: Promoting the emulation movement for labor production among workers and civil servants; launching the movement for workers and civil servants to emulation to serve agriculture, bringing agriculture to gradually move towards large-scale socialist production; re-establishing social order on the distribution and circulation front... The Congress elected the Executive Committee of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour including 155 members, the Secretariat including 13 members. Comrade Nguyen Duc Thuan, Member of the Party Central Committee was elected as Chairman; Comrade Pham The Duyet, Member of the Party Central Committee was elected as Vice Chairman cum General Secretary. The Congress unanimously took July 28, 1929, the founding day of the Red General Confederation of Labour of Tonkin as the founding day of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour. In February 1987, Comrade Pham The Duyet, Member of the Party Central Committee was elected as Chairman of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour; Comrade Vu Dinh

Labor and production emulation movements, promoting initiatives, and technical improvements among workers and employees have created positive changes, many advanced examples and new factors have been formed, making great contributions to the cause of building and protecting the Fatherland. The work of developing union members is focused on by the Trade Union, the number of union members and grassroots trade unions is increasing. In addition, the Trade Union also participates in the field of social insurance, labor protection, and proposes to the State to supplement allowances for sickness, maternity, labor accidents, and difficulty allowances... regimes of rest, tourism and cultural, artistic, and sports activities are maintained and developed. On the occasion of the 55th anniversary of the establishment of the Vietnam Trade Union (July 28, 1929 - July 28, 1984), the State awarded the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour the Golden Star Order - the most noble Order of the State of Vietnam.

3.5. Period of implementing the country's renovation (1986 - present)

In the context of the country undergoing renovation and gradual integration, the 6th Congress of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour, held from October 17-20, 1988 in Hanoi Capital, identified the goal: "Implementing the Party's renovation policy for jobs, life, democracy and social justice". The Congress decided to rename "Vietnam General Confederation of Labour" to "Vietnam General Confederation of Labour". The Congress elected the Executive Committee of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour, consisting of 155 members, and the Secretariat, consisting of 15 members. Comrade Nguyen Van Tu, Member of the Party Central Committee, was elected as Chairman; Comrade Cu Thi Hau, Member of the Party Central Committee, was elected as Vice Chairman; Comrade Duong Xuan An was elected as Vice Chairman. In the early years of the renovation period, the working class and the Vietnam Trade Union organization made many contributions to the implementation of the 5-year plan (1986 - 1990), bringing our country gradually out of difficulties and stabilizing the lives of people and workers.

The 7th Congress of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour, held from November 9 - 12, 1993 in Hanoi Capital, emphasized the requirement of "Innovating the organization and operation of the Trade Union, contributing to building and protecting the Fatherland, taking care of protecting the interests of workers". The Congress elected the Executive Committee of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour including 125 members, the Presidium including 15 members. Comrade Nguyen Van Tu, Member of the Party Central Committee was re-elected as Chairman; Comrade Cu Thi Hau, Member of the Party Central Committee was elected as Vice Chairman; Comrades Hoang Minh Chuc, Nguyen An Luong, Hoang Thi Khanh were elected as Vice Chairmen of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour.

The 8th Congress of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour, held from November 3rd to 6th, 1998, emphasized "For the cause of industrialization and modernization of the country, for jobs, lives, democracy and social justice, building a strong working class and trade union organization". The Congress elected the Executive Committee of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour consisting of 145 members, the Presidium consisting of 17 members. Comrade Cu Thi Hau, Member of the Party Central Committee, was elected as Chairman; comrades Nguyen An Luong, Dang Ngoc Chien, Do Duc Ngo, Nguyen Dinh Thang were elected as Vice Chairmen of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour.

The IX Congress of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour met from October 10-13, 2003 in Hanoi Capital, the Congress identified "Building a strong working class and trade union organization, caring for and protecting the legitimate and lawful rights of workers and employees, contributing to strengthening national unity, successfully implementing the cause of industrialization and modernization of the country". The Congress unanimously agreed that the Executive Committee of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour would have 155 members, at the Congress 150 members were elected, and a Presidium of 19 members was elected. Comrade Cu Thi Hau, Member of the Central Executive Committee of the Party was elected as Chairman; comrades Dang Ngoc Tung, Nguyen Hoa Binh, Nguyen Dinh Thang, Do Duc Ngo, Dang Ngoc Chien were elected as Vice Chairmen. In December 2006, comrade Dang Ngoc Tung, Member of the Central Executive Committee of the Party was elected as Chairman. In September 2007, comrades Hoang Ngoc Thanh, Mai Duc Chinh, Nguyen Thi Thu Hong, Nguyen Van Ngang were elected as Vice Chair

The 10th Congress of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour, held from November 2 - 5, 2008, in Hanoi Capital, the Congress identified the objectives: "Continuing to innovate the content and methods of operation of trade unions at all levels; orienting towards grassroots levels, taking grassroots levels as the main operating area, taking union members and workers and employees as targets for mobilization; strongly shifting trade union activities to organizing and performing the function of representing and protecting the legitimate and lawful rights and interests of union members and workers and employees; building harmonious, stable and progressive labor relations; contributing to promoting the cause of socio-economic development of the country". The Congress unanimously agreed that the number of members of the Executive Committee of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour is 165, and at the Congress, 160 members were elected. Comrade Dang Ngoc Tung, Member of the Party Central Committee, was elected as Chairman; comrades Nguyen Hoa Binh, Hoang Ngoc Thanh, Mai Duc Chinh, Nguyen Thi Thu Hong, and Nguyen Van Ngang were elected as Vice Cha

The 10th term of the Vietnam Trade Union operates in the context that the Vietnamese working class has continuously grown in quantity and quality, being the leading force in the cause of industrialization and modernization of the country, this is also the term to implement Resolution No. 20-NQ/TW dated January 28, 2008 of the Party Central Committee (10th term) on "Continuing to build the Vietnamese working class in the period of accelerating industrialization and modernization of the country". The Resolution shows the political determination of the Party and State on building the working class, meeting the needs and aspirations of millions of workers and employees nationwide. The activities of implementing Resolution 20-NQ/TW have received the attention and direction of Party committees at all levels, along with the synchronous involvement of the entire political system and Trade Unions, creating changes in the term of operation, especially the implementation of the task of representing and protecting the legitimate and lawful rights and interests, and improving the material and spiritual life of union members and workers.

The 11th Congress of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour, held from July 27 - 30, 2013, identified the goal of "Continuing to innovate the content and methods of trade union activities in the direction of serving union members and workers, for the sustainable development of the country; focusing on grassroots levels, performing well the function of taking care of life, representing and protecting the legitimate and lawful rights and interests of union members and workers; effectively participating in state management, socio-economic management; improving the quality of propaganda, mobilization, education and organizing patriotic emulation among union members and workers; promoting union member development, establishing grassroots trade unions, taking care of training and fostering trade union officials, building strong trade union organizations, contributing to building an increasingly strong working class, worthy of being the core force, leading the cause of building and protecting the socialist Vietnamese Fatherland". The Congress unanimously agreed that the number of members of the Executive Committee of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour is 175 members, at the Congress, the number of members of the Executive Committee of the Vietnam General Confeder

The 12th Congress of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour, held from September 24 - 26, 2018, in Hanoi Capital, the Congress set out the goal of "Improving the effectiveness of representing, caring for, and protecting the rights of union members and workers, for sustainable employment and increasingly higher living standards. Propagating, educating, and raising class awareness, political bravery, patriotism, legal awareness, high responsibility, and good skills, contributing to building a strong Vietnamese working class. Improving the organizational model, innovating operating methods, building a contingent of strong, intelligent, and professional trade union officials; gathering and attracting a large number of workers to the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour organization; building a strong Vietnam Trade Union. Actively participating in building the Party, building a clean and strong political system; contributing to building and protecting the Fatherland". The Congress decided the number of members of the Executive Committee of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour to be 175 members, at the Congress elected 161 members; decided the number of members of the Presidium to be 27 members, elected 22

The Resolution of the XII Vietnam Trade Union Congress was implemented in the context of the world and regional situation having faster and more complicated developments than forecast. In the early years of the term, trade union levels implemented the Resolution in favorable conditions, macroeconomic stability, inflation controlled, and fairly high growth rates. However, from the beginning of 2020, the Covid-19 pandemic broke out, along with the impact of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, strategic competition between major countries, armed conflicts between countries, the breakdown of the global supply chain, and the law allowing the establishment of organizations of workers outside the Vietnam Trade Union, which directly and comprehensively affected the jobs, income, and lives of union members, workers and trade union activities. However, the Party Delegation and the Presidium of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labor advised the Politburo to issue Resolution No. 02-NQ/TW dated June 12, 2021 of the Politburo on "Innovating the organization and operation of the Vietnam Trade Union".

The 13th Congress of the Vietnam Trade Union, held from December 01 - 03, 2023 in Hanoi Capital. The Congress set out the goals: "Innovate the organization and activities of trade unions, build a comprehensively strong Vietnam Trade Union, focusing on performing well the functions and tasks, meeting the requirements of the new situation, focusing on representing, caring for, and protecting the legitimate and lawful rights and interests of union members and workers; actively and proactively participate in state management, socio-economic management. Complete the organizational model, attract and gather a large number of workers to participate in trade unions; build a team of trade union officials with intelligence, bravery, enthusiasm, responsibility, prestige and good working methods. Innovate and strengthen propaganda and mobilization work, improve political bravery, educational level, professional skills, industrial style, labor discipline, legal awareness of union members and workers; build a modern and strong working class, contributing to realizing the aspiration to develop the country.

The 13th Congress of the Vietnam Trade Union set out 07 groups of targets to strive for annually; 03 groups of targets until the end of the term and 03 breakthroughs:

(1) Promote dialogue and collective bargaining, focusing on wages, bonuses, working hours, rest hours, and occupational safety and health.

(2) Focus on developing union members and establishing grassroots trade unions in non-state-owned enterprises.

(3) Build a team of grassroots trade union presidents to meet task requirements, especially trade union presidents in non-state-owned enterprises.

The Congress decided the number of members of the Executive Committee of the 13th Vietnam General Confederation of Labor to be 177, at the Congress 168 members were elected; the Presidium is 31 members, 28 members have been elected. Comrade Nguyen Dinh Khang, Member of the Party Central Committee, was elected as Chairman. Comrades: Ngo Duy Hieu, Phan Van Anh, Thai Thu Xuong, Huynh Thanh Xuan, Nguyen Xuan Hung were elected as Vice Chairmen of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labor.